Imbali yeedrones

Sinokuba nomfanekiso ngqondweni wehlabathi phambi kwe-Intanethi, ukuhambahamba okukhulu, indlela iitshathi kunye neemephu ezithunyelwe ngayo. Siyazi ukuba kwathi kwakuqalisa ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi, imigama yafinyezwa kwaza kwaqalisa inguqu.

Kanye njengokuba ukuthandwa kweedrones kuya kuguqula umhlaba njengoko sisazi. Ekuqaleni bobabini babenemisebenzi yasemkhosini, kwaye ngokuhamba kwexesha bafikeleleka kwaye bafumana abalandeli abaninzi.

Aziphelelanga nje ekubeni zidume kwaye ziyinxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla kubantu abasehlabathini lonke, kodwa ziye zabangela uguquko. Ii-UAVs (izithuthi zasemoyeni ezingenabantu) okanye ii-UAV (izithuthi zasemoyeni ezingenabantu) zazisetyenziselwa ukujongwa komhlaba, zivumela umbono womoya. Sele besebenza njengenkxaso, nendlela, yokuhlasela nobuntlola; nokuthumela imiyalezo.

Bavela malunga ne-60s, kodwa kwakungexesha le-80s apho baqala ukutsala ingqalelo ekusebenziseni kwabo emkhosini.

Inzuzo enkulu yokusetyenziswa kwayo ngeminyaka yee-80 yayikukuba kungenzeka ukwenza izenzo, ezihlala ziyingozi, ngaphandle kokubeka ubomi emngciphekweni.

Kuba nabani na oyilawulayo wayeya kuba kude nedrone, kwaye eyona nto yayinokwenzeka yayikukudutyulwa kwento emoyeni.

Yintoni abantu abambalwa abayaziyo ngembali yeedrones kukuba iphefumlelwe yiBOMB.

Ibhombu eyaziwa ngokuba yibuzzer, ebizwa ngengxolo eyayenza xa ibhabha, yaveliswa yiJamani ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

Ngaphandle kokulula kwayo, okwenze ukuba kube lula ukujoliswa komlilo kunye nokungenelela, kuba yayibhabha kuphela kumgca othe tye kwaye ngesantya esingaguqukiyo, iphumelele impumelelo enkulu.

Nangona kungekho manani achanekileyo kwinani labantu abalimalayo nababulawa ziibhombu, kunokugqitywa ukuba linani elibalulekileyo, ekubeni ngaphezu kwe-1.000 V-1 iibhombu zawa.

I-V-1, eyaziwa njengebhombu yebhomu, yayingeyiyo yodwa ibhombu enjalo eyadalwa. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kwadalwa iV-2.

Kodwa uguquko olukhulu lweza xa kwavela ibhombu yezi mpawu kuqala: iV-1, eyaphefumlela imbali yeedrones kunye nayo yonke indaleko yazo ukusukela ngoko.

Imbonakalo yedrone

Imbali yeedrones yaqala ngenkuthazo kwiibhombu ezibhabhayo zaseJamani zohlobo lwe-V-1, ezaziwa ngokuba ziibhombu ze-buzz. Yafumana eli gama ngenxa yengxolo eyayiyenza xa ibhabha, idalwa yiJamani ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

Nangona ilinganiselwe kwaye ithathwa njengento ekujoliswe kuyo ngokulula, ifumene impumelelo enkulu kunye nesantya sayo esingaguqukiyo kwaye ibhabha kuphela kumgca othe tye, ifikelela kwinani elingaphezu kwe-1.000 ye-V-1 yebhomu ewisiweyo. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, kusekho iMfazwe Yehlabathi II, ilandela layo, ibhombu ye-V-2, yadalwa.

Ngubani owasungula inqwelomoya?

Imodeli ephawule imbali yeedrones, esiyaziyo namhlanje, yaphuhliswa yinjineli yasemkhathini yakwaSirayeli uAbraham (Abe) Karem. Ngokutsho kwakhe, kwi-1977, xa efika e-United States, kwathatha abantu be-30 ukulawula i-drone. Ejongene nale meko, waseka inkampani yeLeading System kwaye, ngezixhobo ezimbalwa zobuchwepheshe, ezifana ne-fiberglass eyenziwe ekhaya kunye ne-wood scraps, wazala i-Albatross.

Ngophuculo oluphunyeziweyo ngemodeli entsha -iiyure ezingama-56 emoyeni ngaphandle kokutshaja iibhetri kunye nabantu abathathu abayiphathayo-, injineli yafumana inkxaso-mali evela kwi-DARPA yokuphuculwa okuyimfuneko kwiprototype kwaye, ngoku, imodeli entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-Amber. wazalwa.

Ezi nqwelo-moya zenzelwe kwaye zaphuhliswa kwimishini yomkhosi enikezela umngcipheko kubomi babantu, njengokuhlangula umlilo kunye nokhuseleko olungelulo lomkhosi. Ezi zinjongo zokuvumela ukubekw' esweni okanye uhlaselo kuwo nawuphi na ummandla.

Ukongeza koku, enye i-UAV ebhalisiweyo yiGralha Azul, eveliswe ngu-Embravant. Inamaphiko angaphezulu kweemitha ezi-4 kwaye inokubhabha ukuya kutsho kwiiyure ezi-3.

Idrone njengoko sisazi namhlanje yaqanjwa ngu-Israel Abe Karem, injineli yasesibhakabhakeni enoxanduva lweyona drone yoyikeka nenempumelelo yaseMelika.

Ngokutsho kukaKarem, ukufika kwakhe eUnited States ngo-1977, kwathatha abantu abangama-30 ukulawula i-drone. Le modeli, uAkwila, yabhabha umyinge wemizuzu embalwa nangona inoluhlu lweeyure ezingama-20 zokubhabha.

Ebona le meko, uKarem waseka inkampani, iNdlela yokuKhokela, kunye neteknoloji encinci: i-scraps yokhuni, i-fiberglass eyenziwe ekhaya kunye nomntu ofileyo njengabo basetyenziswa kwi-kart racing ngelo xesha, wadala i-Albatross.

I-Albatross yakwazi ukuhlala emoyeni kwiiyure ze-56 ngaphandle kokuhlaziya iibhetri zayo, kwaye yayiqhutywa kuphela ngabantu be-3 - xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangama-30 kwi-Aquilla. Ukulandela lo mboniso omhle, uKarem wafumana inkxaso-mali evela kwi-DARPA ukuphucula i-prototype, kwaye i-Amber yazalwa.

Ukusetyenziswa kweedrones

Njenge-Intanethi, imbali yeedrones ibisiya ekufikelelekeni kwaye izise izibonelelo ezininzi kuzo zombini iimarike zedrone kunye nabathengi bayo. Namhlanje, iidrones zinokuguquguquka okukhulu malunga nokusetyenziswa kwazo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubandakanya ukulandelela kunye nokubeka iliso, ukufota kunye nokufota, ukusetyenziswa emkhosini, kunye nokuhlangula, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi.

Njengoko bekulindelekile, njengoko imbali yeedrones iphuhlisiwe, ziye zasasazeka kwaye ngoku zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Iimodeli zokuqala zazisetyenziselwa ukwenza imifanekiso kunye neevidiyo kuphela, kodwa ziya zixhathisa, zizimele kwaye zomelele.

IAmazon sele ifumene isigunyaziso esivela eUnited States sokuhambisa idrone.

UFacebook ubhengeze iprojekthi yakhe yokuzisa i-Intanethi ezindlini ngeedrones.

Kwaye ngalo lonke ixesha usetyenziso olutsha kubo luvela, ezona zixhaphakileyo, okwangoku, zezi:

Kwingozi yaseFukushima eJapan, i-T-Hawk (imodeli yedrone) yasetyenziselwa ukufumana imifanekiso ye-reactors eyonakeleyo. Ukufumana iifoto kunye nokufota ngaphandle komngcipheko, ngenxa yemitha, nakubani na. Kwaye kuqhelekile, iidrones ziye zasetyenziswa kwimifanekiso yomtshato, ukugubungela iminyhadala yezemidlalo nakwiimeko ezinje ngoqhanqalazo lwaseSao Paulo.

Ukulawula nokubeka iliso: Abasemagunyeni kumazwe aliqela kwihlabathi liphela sele besebenzisa iidrones ukulawula nokugcina ukhuseleko kwizixeko ezikhulu, ngakumbi xa kusenzeka imisitho emikhulu yezemidlalo.

Umlindo wenkanyamba: Izazinzulu zaseFlorida zenze idrone encinci enokuthi iqaliswe kwicala lenkanyamba.

Imifanekiso engaphantsi kwamanzi: Imodeli yedrone enomdla yi-OpenRov, evumela imifanekiso yexesha lokwenyani lolwandle ukuba lwenziwe. Ukwazi ukufikelela kumanqaku umntu ebengekafikeleli kuwo, edwelisa iindidi ezintsha kunye nokutyhila iimfihlakalo.

Ukusetyenziswa komkhosi: Akuqhelekanga ukubona kwiindaba, okanye kwiimuvi, ubukho beedrones ezibonisa isenzo sabo, ukwenza imifanekiso yebala lokulwa, ukubona ukuhamba kweentshaba, okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba ekuhlaselweni kweebhomu.

Ukunceda abantu abasweleyo: Ngamathuba okufikelela kwiindawo ezinobutshaba, iidrone ziye zasetyenziswa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yongxamiseko, njengokutya kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamayeza, kwiindawo ezikwanti kwaye kunzima ukufikelela kuzo. ukukwazi ukugcina abantu abaninzi.

Ukuhlangula: Kulo nyaka (2015) ukubonakala kweGimball, i-drone ephumeleleyo ye-Drones for Good contest ("Drones for good", kwinguqulelo ethe ngqo), yaxelwa.Yonke ihlanganiswe "ngecage", evumela ukuba ukuphepha imiqobo ngexesha lokubhabhaIphefumlelwe yizinambuzane, ine-sensor yeqondo lokushisa, i-GPS, iikhamera kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu, okuvumela ukuba isetyenziswe ekuhlanguleni.

Ngokuthandwa kwayo, njengakwi-Intanethi, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuyatshintsha kwaye kwenza umahluko opheleleyo kubomi babantu.

Yintoni idrone?

Sisithuthi sasemoyeni esingaphathwanga (i-UAV) esinolawulo lokubhabha kwaye sinokufumana iiodolo ngokusebenzisa amaza kanomathotholo, i-infrared kunye nemishini echazwe ngaphambili yi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) iququzelela. Inkangeleko yayo ikhumbuza iinqwelo-ntaka ezincinci, kunye nezinye iimodeli ezifana neejethi, ii-quadcopters (iipropeller ezine) kunye neemodeli ezineepropeller ezisibhozo okanye ezisebenzisa amafutha xa zibhabha.

I-Drone ngesiNgesi ithetha "i-drone" kwaye, ngenxa yesandi sayo esingxolayo xa ibhabha, yaphela sele isaziwa ukuba ibize igama lenqwelomoya.

Abantu bahlala beva eli gama okokuqala kwaye bazibuze: yintoni idrone?

Idrone sisithuthi esisemoyeni, kodwa ngokungafaniyo neenqwelomoya kunye neehelikopta, azinamntu. Zilawulwa kude kwaye zihlala zixhotyiswe ngeekhamera ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Baye basetyenziselwa ixesha njengento yokudlala, inguqu yemodeli yenqwelomoya. Namhlanje kukho imarike enkulu nekhulayo yobuchwephesha yabaqhubi beenqwelomoya.

Njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba kude kube yi-2010 kwakungekho naluphi na uphando kwi-injini yokukhangela malunga ne-drones, kwaye ukususela ngoko ukukhula kwayo kuye kwaphawuleka.

Oku kusinika umbono wendlela ukuthandwa kweedrones, nangona kubonise ukukhula okubonakalayo, kusenendawo eninzi.

Ukuvela kwetekhnoloji kuvumela namhlanje nabani na ofuna ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya ukuba alawule idrone yakhe ngokuthe ngqo kwiselfowuni okanye kwithebhulethi yakhe.

Ezinye iimodeli zinokulawulwa nge-accelerometer ye-smartphone. Nto leyo eyenza ukuba amava antywiliselwe ngakumbi.

Kuyenzeka ngoku, ngalo mzuzu kanye. Kwaye ngakumbi nangakumbi iidrones ziya kufumana indawo kwaye zitshintshe ubomi bethu. Njengoko abaphandi abaninzi begcina: imbali ayimi ndawonye. Yakhiwa yonke imihla, kwaye ngeedrones ayifani.