Yintoni iNkqubo yokuSebenza?

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, inkqubo yokusebenza yisoftware enoxanduva lokusebenza kwekhompyuter okanye i-smartphone. Sisakhiwo esivumela zonke iinkqubo kunye neenxalenye zekhompyuter ukuba zisebenze kwaye zivumela umsebenzisi ukuba asebenzisane nomatshini, ngokusebenzisa ujongano olubonakalayo.

Xa uvula nasiphi na isixhobo, inkqubo yokusebenza ilayisha kwaye iqala ukulawula izixhobo zekhompyuter. Ngemivumbo elula, yenza ubomi bube lula kumsebenzisi, okwenza ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo kusebenze ngakumbi kwaye kukhuseleke ngakumbi, kuba yinkqubo yokusebenza enika into ekufuneka iyenze kwikhompyuter, iselula okanye ithebhulethi.

Eminye yemisebenzi yenkqubo yokusebenza

Izibonelelo: inkqubo kufuneka ibe nomthamo owaneleyo kunye nememori ukuze yonke imisebenzi iqhutywe ngokuchanekileyo, oku mhlawumbi ngomnye wemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zokusebenza.

Imemori: yinto eqinisekisa ukuba isicelo ngasinye okanye isenzo sithatha kuphela imemori eyimfuneko ngokungqongqo ekusebenzeni kwayo, ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokushiya indawo yeminye imisebenzi.

Iifayile: banoxanduva lokugcina ulwazi, kuba imemori ephambili ihlala ilinganiselwe.

Idatha: ukulawula igalelo kunye nedatha yokuphuma, ukwenzela ukuba ulwazi alulahleki kwaye yonke into inokwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo.

Iinkqubo: yenza utshintsho phakathi komsebenzi omnye kunye nomnye, ukuze umsebenzisi enze / enze imisebenzi emininzi / izicelo ngexesha elinye.

Le misebenzi yenkqubo yokusebenza ingenziwa isebenze ngokusebenzisa amaqhosha, izixhobo ezifana nemouse kunye nebhodi yezitshixo ngokuqhagamshelana nojongano lomzobo (okubonakala kwikhusi), ngokucofa ngokuthe ngqo kwiscreen (isikrini sokuchukumisa), kwimeko ii-smartphones kunye neetafile, okanye nangemiyalelo yelizwi esele ikhona kwezinye izixhobo kunye nosetyenziso.

Njengomgaqo jikelele, inkqubo yokusebenza sele ifakwe ngokungagqibekanga kwisixhobo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba abo basebenzisa ii-smartphones, iitafile kunye neekhompyuter bazi ngakumbi malunga nayo kwaye bazi iinkqubo eziphambili zokusebenza ezikhoyo. Siza kuthetha ngazo kamva.

iinkqubo zokusebenza zeekhompyuter

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkqubo zokusebenza zeekhomputha (iidesktops okanye ii-laptops) zinzima ngakumbi kunezo zisetyenziselwa izixhobo eziphathwayo, ezifana neetafile kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo. Ngezantsi, sijonga ezintathu eziphezulu ngokweenkcukacha.

Windows

Yaphuhliswa ngoo-80 nguMicrosoft, yenye yezona nkqubo zisebenzayo ehlabathini, yamkelwa phantse zizo zonke iibrendi eziphambili zekhompyutha emhlabeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha iye yafumana iinguqulelo ezintsha ezihlaziyiweyo (iWindows 95, iWindows 98, iWindows XP, iWindows Vista, iWindows 7, iWindows 8 kunye neWindows 10).

Kwanele kwabo bafuna ukusetyenziswa okusisiseko kunye nokusebenzayo, nokuba kukwizifundo okanye emsebenzini, ukuba ne-interface enembile kakhulu.

Mac

Iphuhliswe yi-Apple, yinkqubo ekhethekileyo yokusebenza yeekhompyuter zophawu kunye neelaptops, ezibizwa ngokuba yiMac (Macintosh). Yiyo, kunye neWindows, eyona nkqubo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi, ebifumana uhlaziyo kunye neenguqulelo ezintsha amashumi eminyaka. Nangona ingeyiyo yodwa, yinkqubo yokusebenza esetyenziswa kakhulu ziingcali kwezobugcisa, oko kukuthi, abo basebenza ngemveliso yevidiyo, uyilo lwegraphic okanye iindawo ezinxulumeneyo.

Linux

Yeyona nkqubo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkampani, njengoko ingumthombo ovulekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba ivumela ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwikhowudi yomthombo (ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo zokusebenza zangaphambili). Iguquguquka kakhulu, kulula ukuyenza kwaye ithathwa njengekhuselekile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayiqhelekanga kakhulu kwikhompyuter okanye kwikhompyuter yakho.

Iinkqubo eziphathwayo kunye nethebhulethi

Kwizixhobo eziphathwayo (ezifana neefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neetafile) iinkqubo zokusebenza zilula kwaye zenziwe ngokukodwa ngolu hlobo lwesixhobo. Nangona zikho ezinye, ezona ziphambili zezi:

iOS

Yeyona nkqubo isebenzayo yee-smartphones kunye neetafile zophawu lwe-Apple kwaye yayiyeyokuqala inkqubo yokusebenza yeefowuni eziphathwayo ezenziweyo. Iyakhawuleza kakhulu, inokhetho oluninzi lwezicelo zokukhuphela kunye ne-interface elula, entle kwaye kulula ukuyilawula.

Android

Yinkqubo yokusebenza yobuninzi bee-smartphones zeempawu ezahlukeneyo, eziqinisekisa ukhetho oluninzi xa ukhetha iselula entsha, zombini ngokwemodeli kunye namaxabiso. Yenziwe nguGoogle kwaye namhlanje yeyona nkqubo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweenkqubo zokusebenza?

Imigaqo esisiseko yokusebenza kwenkqubo nganye iyafana nokuba yeyiphi na inkqubo yokusebenza, neenkcukacha ezithile ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo kuxhomekeke kwinto efunwa ngumntu ngamnye xa ethenga i-smartphone entsha.

Umahluko ophambili ukwi-interface yento nganye (oko kukuthi, into ebonakala kwiscreen sakho), ngoko ke inkqubo yokusebenza nganye inenkangeleko yayo. Kuqhelekile ukuba umntu osoloko esebenzisa iWindows abe nobunzima bokuqhela iMac kunye nokunye. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto ngelo xesha ayizisombululi.

Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuphucula okanye ukutshintsha inkqubo yokusebenza, abaninzi abantu baphetha bengakwenzi. Ngoko ke kungcono ukhethe ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo yokusebenza oza kuyisebenzisa ngaphambi kokuthenga isixhobo kwaye ufunde ngakumbi malunga nendlela nganye isebenza ngayo.