izinhlobo zamakhompyutha

Lapha sinikeza uhlu lwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhompyutha esizithola emakethe. Ezinye ziyasebenza, kanti ezinye zihlehla.

desk

Amakhompiyutha edeskithophu angamakhompyutha womuntu wakudala, abekwa phezu kwedeski futhi asetshenziswe emsebenzini wansuku zonke. Ziqukethe iyunithi ephakathi, ngokuvamile esesimweni se-parallelepiped, equkethe amadivaysi adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwekhompyutha ngokwayo. Zonke izingxenye zesistimu zixhunywe kuyo, njenge-monitor, ikhibhodi, igundane ... Ikhompyutha yedeskithophu ilungele umsebenzi wansuku zonke ehhovisi ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bokuqapha, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amanani amakhulu. yenkumbulo futhi, ngenxa yezixhumi eziningi, kulula ukuxhuma ama-peripherals amaningi.

AmaLaptops

Amalaptop ahlangene kakhulu. Isici esibalulekile ukuthi bahlanganisa i-motherboard, i-disk drive, ikhibhodi nevidiyo emzimbeni owodwa. Lesi sakamuva siwuhlobo olukhethekile, ngokuvamile olunamakristalu e-liquid, kodwa kunoma yikuphi okunonyawo oluncane kakhulu. Esinye isici esikhethekile se-laptop ukuthi inebhethri yangaphakathi evumela ukuthi isebenze ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuxhunywa kunethiwekhi kagesi. Yiqiniso, le accumulator inokuphila okulinganiselwe, isikhathi sesikhathi sinqunywa, ngaphezu kwe-accumulator ngokwayo, ngokulondolozwa kokusetshenziswa okuvunyelwe yizifunda zabasebenzi. Ubunjiniyela besekethe obuhle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zamandla aphansi kungavumela ukusetshenziswa amahora ambalwa. Ikhompiyutha ihlinzekwa ngekhava, ukuvulwa kwayo okuveza isikrini, ngemuva kwekhava, kanye nekhibhodi. Kwaba impumelelo emhlabeni wamakhompyutha omuntu siqu njengoba awenza aphatheka ngempumelelo. Ukuzimela kwayo, nakuba kulinganiselwe ngesikhathi, kuyivumela ukuthi isebenze kunoma iyiphi indawo, iyenze ibe usizo (futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibaluleke) kulabo abavame ukusebenza ngaphandle kwehhovisi.

notebooks

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, lawa makhompyutha anosayizi ofanayo nencwajana: amasentimitha angama-21 ngamasentimitha angama-30. Kodwa azinawo umsebenzi ofanayo: zingamakhompyutha omuntu siqu ngokwazo futhi zingasebenzisa zonke izinhlelo kumadeskithophu noma kumalaptop. Amanye amamodeli awanayo i-floppy drive, futhi idatha ingashintshwa kuphela nenye ikhompuyutha ngekhebula. Isikrini siyefana nesamakhompyutha aphathekayo, kodwa konke okunye kuncane kakhulu. Ikhibhodi ayinayo ikhiphedi yezinombolo: ingenziwa isebenze ngaphakathi kwekhibhodi ngokwayo ngokhiye okhethekile.

Incwadi yamaphepha

I-penbook iyincwajana engenalo ikhibhodi. Ifakwe izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezikuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise ngepensela ekhethekile ngendlela yepeni lebhola. Ipeni alisetshenziselwa ukunikeza imiyalo ezinhlelweni, ezifana negundane kumakhompyutha wedeskithophu, kodwa futhi ukufaka idatha. Esikrinini se-penbook ungabhala, njengasephepheni, futhi ikhompyutha ihumusha incwadi yakho futhi iguqule izinhlamvu zombhalo njengokungathi ubhala kukhibhodi. Lolu hlobo lwekhompyutha lusaqhubeka nokuvela. Isigaba sokuhumusha iskripthi sisahamba kancane futhi sithambekele kumaphutha, kuyilapho ezinye izici zokusebenza zithuthuke kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukulungiswa nokuhlelwa kombhalo osufakiwe kakade kwenziwa ngendlela eqanjwe kabusha kakhulu futhi efana kakhulu nokuziphatha komsebenzisi okungokwemvelo. Uma igama lidinga ukusulwa, mane udwebe isiphambano phezu kwalo ngepeni.

phezulu kwesundu

I-palmtop yikhompyutha elingana nekhasethi levidiyo. Ungaphambanisi i-palmtop nama-ajenda noma izibali zephakethe. Kokubili amadivaysi aphathwayo nezibali, kwezinye izimo, zingashintshanisa idatha ngekhompyutha yomuntu siqu, kodwa azifakelwe isistimu yokusebenza evamile noma izinhlelo. I-palmtop iyikhompyutha ngokwayo: ingakwazi ukucubungula noma ukuhlela amadokhumenti njengekhompyutha yedeskithophu. Usayizi omncane uthinta zonke izingxenye zekhompyutha. Isikrini se-LCD sincane, njengekhibhodi, okhiye bayo bancane. I-hard disk ayikho ngokuphelele, futhi idatha irekhodwa ngokusebenzisa izinkumbulo eziqukethwe emakhadini amancane asebenza ngokwawo. Ukushintshisana ngedatha ngekhompyutha yedeskithophu kungenzeka kuphela ngekhebula. Yiqiniso, ikhompyutha yephaketheni ayisetshenziswa njengethuluzi eliyinhloko lomsebenzi. Ingasetshenziselwa ukubuza noma ukubuyekeza idatha. Okunye okubhaliwe kungenziwa, kodwa ukubhala incwadi cishe akunakwenzeka futhi kukhathaza kakhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bezikhiye.

Umsebenzi wokusebenzela

Ama-workstations amakhompyutha asetshenziswa kanye, alingana nosayizi nokubukeka kwekhompuyutha yedeskithophu noma amakhudlwana kancane. Afakwe ama-processor athuthuke kakhulu, inkumbulo eyengeziwe namandla okugcina. Izindawo zokusebenzela zifanele imisebenzi ekhethekile, ngokuvamile emikhakheni yezithombe, ukuklama, ukudweba kobuchwepheshe kanye nobunjiniyela. Lezi izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezidinga amandla angalingani kanye nesivinini somsebenzi ojwayelekile wasehhovisi. Izindleko zale mishini ziphakeme ngokwemvelo kunalezo zamakhompyutha womuntu siqu.

Amakhompyutha amancane

Lawa makhompyutha, ngaphandle kwamagama awo, anamandla kakhulu. Zibekwe phakathi nendawo yenethiwekhi yamatheminali, ngayinye esebenza nekhompiyutha encane njengokungathi ikhompyutha engayodwa, kodwa ukwabelana ngedatha, imishini yokunyathelisa nezinhlelo ezifanayo. Eqinisweni, okujwayelekile kumakhompiyutha amancane ukuthi kungenzeka kube nohlelo olulodwa olusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa amatheminali amaningana. Zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekuphathweni kwebhizinisi, lapho ukushintshaniswa kwezinhlelo nedatha kuyisici esibalulekile: wonke umuntu angasebenza ngezinqubo ezifanayo futhi idatha ingabuyekezwa ngesikhathi sangempela.

I-Mainframe

Ama-Mainframes aku-echelon ephakeme nakakhulu. Lawa makhompyutha angasetshenziswa inombolo enkulu yamatheminali, noma ukude ngezixhumanisi ze-telematic. Bangakwazi ukugcina amafayela edatha amaningi futhi basebenzise izinhlelo eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Zisetshenziswa ezinkampanini ezinkulu zokuphathwa kwezimboni ngokwazo noma ezinhlanganweni zombuso zokwelashwa kwamafayela edatha amakhulu futhi ashintsha njalo. Bakha umnyombo wezinkonzo zolwazi zamabhange, izikhungo zezimali kanye nokuhwebelana ngamasheya. Ziphinde zisetshenziswe izinsizakalo ze-telematic zomphakathi nezizimele ngoba zivumela ukuxhumeka ngesikhathi esisodwa kwamatheminali amaningi noma amakhompuyutha kanye nokwenziwa ngokushesha kwemisebenzi efanele.

amakhompyutha amakhulu

Njengoba kulindelekile, ama-supercomputer angamakhompyutha asebenza ngendlela emangalisayo. Ziyivelakancane. Izindleko zabo ziphezulu kakhulu futhi zisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezimboni kanye nokucubungula idatha okusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe, ama-supercomputers asetshenziswa izinhlangano zikahulumeni nezinhlangano zempi.