Amanethiwekhi asekhaya nawochwepheshe

Sizokwenza incazelo emfushane ngokuthi ayini amanethiwekhi ahlukene, awayini futhi asetshenziswa kuziphi izimo.

ngezintambo

Uma kuziwa kumanethiwekhi asekhaya, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: Anezintambo nangenantambo. Lokhu kubhekisela endleleni amadivayisi afinyelela ku-inthanethi axhuma ngayo ku-LAN yakho. Endabeni yenethiwekhi enezintambo, ngokuvamile ifika endlini yakho isuka kulayini wekhebula bese ixhuma kumodemu kanye/noma irutha. Ukusuka lapho, amadivaysi kuyo yonke indlu axhunywe nge-Ethernet cabling kumodemu ngokusebenzisa iswishi ye-Ethernet.

Lolu hlobo lokuxhuma luvamile ekwakhiweni okusha, lapho kulula ukugijima ikhebula endlini yonke. Izinzuzo zenethiwekhi yasekhaya enezintambo zisobala: amanethiwekhi anezintambo azohlala eshesha futhi ethembeke kakhulu kunamanethiwekhi angenantambo. Amanethiwekhi anezintambo anomkhawulokudonsa owengeziwe futhi awathintwa ububanzi nokuphazamiseka okufana nokungenantambo. Okuwukuphela kwenkinga yangempela uhlobo/isivinini somzila wakho kanye nesivinini se-inthanethi osikhokhelayo.

Yiqiniso, amanethiwekhi anezintambo nawo anemikhawulo yawo, yingakho amanethiwekhi angenantambo (Wi-Fi) ethandwa kakhulu.

Awunantambo

Ngenethiwekhi engenantambo, ungangena ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokuxhunywa ngekhebula. Isibonelo esihle salokhu ukusebenzisa ithebhulethi yakho noma idivayisi yeselula ngenkathi uhamba endlini yakho. Futhi nakuba i-hardwiring ikhetha kumadivayisi amile njenge-rack yesisetshenziswa sakho noma i-TV, ngemva kokwakhiwa kwendlu, kungase kube nezindawo lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukusebenzisa izintambo ezintsha. Kulapho ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya bukhanya khona: amandla okunweba ububanzi be-inthanethi kulo lonke ikhaya nangaphandle ngezintambo ezincane ezincane futhi ngaphandle kwamadivayisi axhunyiwe.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ngamanethiwekhi angenawaya ijubane nokuthembeka. Amasiginali we-Wi-Fi angaphazanyiswa ezinye izisetshenziswa zikagesi - ngisho nesiqandisi sakho - futhi uma uhlala eduze nomakhelwane bakho, inethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi ingangena kweyabo futhi yehlise ijubane umsebenzi wawo wonke umuntu. Ngokuya ngosayizi wekhaya lakho, ungase udinge izindawo eziningi zokufinyelela ukuze uqinisekise ngisho nokuhlanganisa kulo lonke ikhaya lakho. Umthetho ojwayelekile wesithupha uwukuba nendawo eyodwa yokufinyelela engenantambo kuzo zonke izinyawo eziyisikwele eziyi-1.500, futhi kufanele ukhumbule ukufaka igceke elingemuva uma ufuna ukufinyelela ngaphandle. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izindawo eziningi zokufinyelela okungenantambo (i-WAPS) zidinga amandla futhi zingadinga uxhumano lwe-ethernet kumzila oyinhloko, okusho ukuthi uxhumano olungenantambo alunawo okungenantambo ngempela.

Ithiphu Yebhonasi: Uma uke wabona izinombolo ongajwayelekile nezinhlamvu ezifana no-802.11ac, kuhlobene nezinga elingenantambo elisetshenziswa umzila wakho. I-802.11ac iyashesha kune-802.11n endala, ngakho-ke khumbula lokho futhi.

Ekuqaleni, ukuxhumana kwasekhaya kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa empeleni akuyona inkimbinkimbi uma usuqonda umqondo wezinga eliphezulu. Futhi, akuwena wedwa okufanele uxazulule inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya.

I-LAN, WLAN, MAN, WAN, PAN: yazi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamanethiwekhi

Esimweni sobuchwepheshe bolwazi, inethiwekhi yakhiwe amaphrosesa amaningi axhumene futhi abelana ngezinsiza ngomunye nomunye. Ngaphambili, lawa manethiwekhi ayekhona ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwamahhovisi (inethiwekhi yendawo yendawo), kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isidingo sokushintshana ngolwazi phakathi kwalawa mamojula okucubungula siye sanda, okuye kwaveza ezinye izinhlobo zamanethiwekhi. Qonda ukuthi zisho ukuthini ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamanethiwekhi ekhompyutha.

I-LAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yendawo

Amanethiwekhi endawo axhuma amakhompyutha endaweni efanayo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngaphakathi kwenkampani, esikoleni noma ekhaya lakho, okuvumela ukushintshaniswa kolwazi nezisetshenziswa phakathi kwamadivayisi abamba iqhaza.

UMUNTU – Metropolitan Network

Ake sicabange, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi inkampani inamahhovisi amabili edolobheni elilodwa futhi ifuna ukuthi amakhompyutha ahlale exhumene. Kulokhu kune-Metropolitan Area Network, noma i-Metropolitan Network, exhumanisa amaNethiwekhi Endawo Yendawo ethile endaweni engaba amashumi ambalwa amakhilomitha.

I-WAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Ebanzi

I-Wide Area Network ihamba kancane kune-MAN futhi ingahlanganisa indawo enkulu, njengezwe noma ngisho nezwekazi.

I-WLAN – Inethiwekhi Yendawo Engenantambo

Kulabo abafuna ukwenza ngaphandle kwezintambo, i-WLAN, noma inethiwekhi yendawo engenantambo, ingaba inketho. Lolu hlobo lwenethiwekhi luxhuma ku-inthanethi futhi lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlala nezamabhizinisi, kanye nasezindaweni zomphakathi.

I-WMAN - Inethiwekhi yeMetropolitan engenantambo

Kuyinguqulo engenantambo ye-MAN, enohlu lwamakhilomitha angamashumi, futhi ivumela ukuxhunywa kwamanethiwekhi ehhovisi enkampani efanayo noma amakhampasi enyuvesi.

I-WWAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Ebanzi Engenantambo

Ngokufinyelela okukhulu nakakhulu, i-WWAN, noma inethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi engenantambo, ifinyelela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, i-WWAN isengozini yokuthola umsindo.

I-SAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yesitoreji

Ama-SAN, noma Amanethiwekhi Endawo Yesitoreji, asetshenziselwa ukuxhumana phakathi kweseva namanye amakhompyutha, futhi anqunyelwe kulokho.

I-PAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yomuntu Siqu

Amanethiwekhi ohlobo lwe-PAN, noma amanethiwekhi endawo yomuntu siqu, asetshenziselwa amadivayisi ukuxhumana ngebanga elilinganiselwe. Isibonelo salokhu amanethiwekhi e-Bluetooth ne-UWB.