Ama-Cryptocurrencies: Ziyini?

Ama-Cryptocurrencies ayizinhlamvu zemali ezibonakalayo ezisebenzisa i-cryptography ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokuthengiselana okwenziwa nge-inthanethi.

Ngokuyisisekelo, i-cryptography isebenza njengezinombolo ze-serial noma izimpawu ezisetshenziswa kuma-banknotes ukuvimbela ukwenziwa komgunyathi, ngokwesibonelo.

Endabeni ye-cryptocurrencies, lezi zimpawu ezifihliwe amakhodi okunzima kakhulu ukuwaqhekeza. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa ye-blockchain, ubuchwepheshe obusebenza njenge-ledger enkulu.

Ukuthengiselana okuningi namalogi kuyarekhodwa, asakazwa kumakhompyutha amaningi. Konke ukuthengiselana kuvinjwe i-cryptography, okuqinisekisa ukungaziwa kwalabo abakwenzayo.

Amabhange nezikhungo zezezimali emhlabeni jikelele, kuhlanganise neBhange Elikhulu laseSpain namazwe aseLatin America, abonise isithakazelo ekusebenziseni vimba ekudlulisweni kwe-interbank, isibonelo.

Naphezu kokuba nalobu buchwepheshe obuhlukene, empeleni, ama-cryptocurrencies asetshenziselwa inhloso efanayo nanoma iyiphi enye.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi bathenga kokubili izimpahla namasevisi ku-inthanethi. Njengoba zingabhekwa njengezimali ezisemthethweni, azikho ngaphansi kokwehliswa kwamanani emakethe noma ukwehla kwamandla emali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingashintshaniswa ngemali yendabuko -noma esemthethweni- futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.

I-Bitcoin yazalwa nini?

I-Bitcoin yasungulwa ngo-2009 nguSatoshi Nakamoto. Ukuthi ungubani okwamanje akukaziwa ngokuqiniseka futhi igama lakhe lingase libe yigama-mbumbulu.

Ngaleso sikhathi kwakunokunganeliseki okukhulu ngamabhange amakhulu kanye nendlela ayeqhuba ngayo imisebenzi engabazekayo, ekhohlisa amakhasimende futhi ekhokhisa amakhomishini ahlukumezayo.

Lezi zinqubo, kanye nokuntuleka kokulawulwa kochungechunge lwezibambiso emakethe, kube nomthelela enkingeni enkulu yekhulu lama-XNUMX kuze kube manje.

Ngo-2008, amabhange adale ibhamuza lezindlu ngokunikeza imali ebolekiwe ebiza kancane kumakhasimende anhlobonhlobo.

Imali yaboleka noma laba bantu bengahlangabezani nezidingo ezincane ezikhombisa ukuthi bazokwazi ukukhokha isikweletu.

Ngokukhula kwesidingo, amanani ezakhiwo aqala ukukhuphuka kakhulu njengoba abanikazi bezindlu bebona ukuthi bangathola isivumelwano esihle nabantu abaningi abafuna izakhiwo ezintsha.

Kodwa iningi labo lalingenazo izindlela ezidingekayo zokubhekana nokuxhaswa ngezimali, njengoba lalingasebenzi noma lingenayo iholo elinqunyiwe. Lolu hlobo lwe-mortgage lwaziwa ngokuthi i-subprime.

Okwenza izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu, amabhange azama ukusizakala ngala makhasimende ayengakwazi ukubuyisela imali ebolekiwe ngokwenza izibambiso emakethe yezezimali.

Izibambiso zazisekelwa yi-subprime mortgages futhi zathengiswa kwezinye izikhungo zezezimali njengokungathi ziyizibambiso ezithembekile ezikhiqizayo. Kodwa eqinisweni zaziyinkinga enkulu nje.

Kulesi simo esibucayi, kwavela inhlangano ye-Occupy Walt Street, ephikisana nemikhuba ehlukumezayo, ukungahloniphi abathengi, ukungabikho kwezinto obala kanye nendlela amabhange amakhulu angasebenzisa ngayo uhlelo lwezezimali.

Futhi i-Bitcoin nayo yavela njengokwenqatshwa kwesistimu yezezimali. Kubameli bayo, umgomo wawuwukwenza umdayisi wezinhlamvu zemali abe umuntu obaluleke kakhulu.

Abaphakathi babezoqedwa, amanani enzalo azoqedwa futhi ukuthengiselana kube obala.

Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakudingeka ukuthi kusungulwe uhlelo lokusabalalisa imali lapho imali ingalawulwa futhi kwenzekani ngaphandle kokuncika kumabhange.

Ingakanani ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwe-Bitcoin?

Njengamanje, i-Bitcoin isivele yamukelwa ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni, hhayi e-United States kuphela.

Izimali ezibonakalayo zingasetshenziselwa ukuthenga ubucwebe e-REEDS Jewelers, isibonelo, iketango elikhulu lobucwebe e-United States. Ungakwazi futhi ukukhokha isikweletu sakho esibhedlela esizimele e-Warsaw, e-Poland.

Namuhla sekuvele kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-Bitcoins ngisho nasekuhwebeni nezinkampani ezihlobene nobuchwepheshe. Phakathi kwabo kukhona i-Dell, i-Expedia, i-PayPal ne-Microsoft.

Ingabe izimali ezibonakalayo ziphephile?

I-Bitcoin nama-cryptocurrencies ngokuvamile angaphansi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Phishing
• I-Estafa
• ukuhlaselwa kwe-supply chain

Kuke kwaba necala elibikiwe lapho ikhompuyutha engaxhumekile ku-inthanethi itshontshiwe, okubonisa ukuthi kunobungozi kanjani ohlelweni.

Kodwa, ekugcineni, izimali ezibonakalayo ngokuvamile ziphephile ngenxa yezici ezintathu. Ngezansi sichaza ukuthi bahlanganisani.

Ukubethela

Imali ayibhalwanga kuphela, kodwa le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekuthengiseni kwayo, ngoba isekelwa uhlelo olukhethekile, okuyi-blockchain.

Isistimu yobuchwepheshe inochungechunge lwamavolontiya abambisana ukuze imisebenzi yenzeke ohlelweni.

Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imininingwane yomuntu siqu yabasebenzisi igcinwa endaweni ehlukile. Lokhu kwenza umsebenzi wanoma iyiphi i-hacker enonya ube nzima kakhulu.

uhlelo lomphakathi

Lesi sici siphambene, okungukuthi, siholela ekukholweni okuphambene. Phela, into enokufinyelela ngokungakhethi kulula ukuthi abantu abanezinhloso ezimbi bayifinyelele, akunjalo?

Iqiniso lokuthi ama-cryptocurrencies asesidlangalaleni kusho ukuthi konke ukuthengiselana kwenziwa ngokusobala futhi kuyatholakala uma labo abathintekayo bengaziwa.

Kunzima ukuthi umuntu akhohlise noma akhwabanise uhlelo. Futhi, okwenziwayo akubuyiseleki emuva. Ngakho-ke ayikho indlela yokucela ukubuyiselwa imali yakho.

Ukwehlukaniswa kwezwe

I-virtual currency system ihlukaniswa ngenxa yokuthi yenziwe ngamaseva amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inamadivayisi angaba ngu-10.000 akha uhlelo (ama-node) futhi alandele yonke imisebenzi.

Ukubaluleka kwalokhu kulula: uma okuthile kwenzeka kwenye yeziphakeli noma amanodi, izinkulungwane zabanye zingakwazi ukuqhubeka lapho leyo ngxenye ethile yesistimu ishiye khona futhi iqhubeke.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunzima ukuzama ukugebenga enye yeziphakeli, njengoba kungekho lutho umuntu angakwazi ukuyeba amanye amaseva angakwazi ukulivimba.

Ubani olawula ama-cryptocurrencies?

Ama-Cryptocurrencies awalawulwa, okungukuthi, azikho iziphathimandla noma amabhange amaphakathi anesibopho sokuwalawula.

Ngenxa yalesi sici, zingashintshaniswa phakathi kwabantu ngaphandle kokuba nesikhungo sezezimali noma abanye abaxhumanisi.

Lezi zimpahla zidalwe ngokunembile ukuze kuliwe nokufakwa endaweni eyodwa kwezikhungo ezinkulu, njengamabhange noma ohulumeni, abalawula iningi lemali esakazwa emhlabeni.

Ngakho-ke, izimali ezibonakalayo zingasetshenziswa futhi kunoma yiliphi izwe, ngaphandle kwemikhawulo encane noma ephezulu kakhulu yokuthenga.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi yabo inamakhomishini aphansi kunalawo akhokhiswa abaxhumanisi nezinhlangano zezezimali ngokujwayelekile.

Akhishwa kanjani ama-cryptocurrencies?

Izimali ezibonakalayo zidalwe abahleli bohlelo. Ngakho-ke, zikhishwa izinhlelo zezimayini zedijithali ngokuthengiselana okudinga ukuxazululwa kwezinkinga zezibalo.

Noma ubani angazama ukuxazulula lezi zixazululo. Ngenxa yalesi sici, imali ebonakalayo ikhishwa ngendlela esesidlangalaleni.

Kodwa okwenzekayo ukuthi umdali wohlobo lwemali unenketho kanye nenzuzo yesikhashana ngaphezu kwabanye abasebenzisi bohlelo. Gxila ingxenye enkulu yezinhlamvu zemali ezikhishwe ezandleni zakho uma ufisa.

Asebenza kanjani ama-wallet e-cryptocurrency?

Ama-wallet emali yedijithali asebenza cishe njengesikhwama semali esibonakalayo. Kuphela, esikhundleni sokugcina izikweletu namakhadi, baqoqa idatha yezezimali, ubunikazi bomsebenzisi kanye nokwenzeka kokwenza ukuthengiselana.

Ama-Wallet asebenzisana nedatha yomsebenzisi ukuze enze kube nokwenzeka ukubuka ulwazi olufana nebhalansi nomlando wokwenziwe wezezimali.

Ngakho, lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi, ukhiye oyimfihlo wesikhwama semali kufanele ufane nekheli lomphakathi elinikezwe uhlobo lwemali, ukhokhise inani kwenye yama-akhawunti bese ufaka ikhredithi kwenye.

Ngakho-ke, ayikho imali yangempela, kuphela irekhodi lokuthengiselana nokushintshwa kwezilinganiso.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhwama zokugcina imali ye-cryptocurrency. Zingaba yi-virtual, ngokomzimba (i-hardware wallet) ngisho nephepha (isikhwama sephepha), esivumela i-cryptocurrency ukuthi iphrinte njengemali yemali.

Nokho, izinga lokuvikeleka liyahlukahluka kuye ngalinye futhi akuwona wonke asekela isigaba esifanayo sezimali. Ukukhetha phakathi kwenqwaba yama-wallet atholakalayo, kufanele ucabangele imininingwane ethile ebalulekile:

• Ingabe inhloso yokusebenzisa utshalomali noma ukuthenga okuvamile?
• Ingabe imayelana nokusebenzisa uhlobo lwemali olulodwa noma ezimbalwa?
• Ingabe isikhwama semali sihamba noma singafinyelelwa ekhaya kuphela?

Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi kungenzeka ukucinga iphothifoliyo engcono kakhulu ngokwezidingo zakho.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuthengiselana?

Noma ngabe ufuna ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa i-cryptocurrensets, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubhalise ezinkundleni ezithile zezimali ezibonakalayo ofuna ukusebenzisana nazo.

Ukuze uthenge kumapulatifomu amaningi akhethekile, kufanele ubhalise idatha yakho futhi udale i-akhawunti ebonakalayo.

Ngakho-ke, okudingayo nje ibhalansi ku-reais ukuze wenze umsebenzi. Kuyinqubo efana nokuthenga izimpahla kumthengisi wamasheya ojwayelekile.

Imaphi ama-cryptocurrencies asetshenziswa kakhulu?

Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo zemali ezimbalwa ezikhona emakethe. Ngokusobala, ezinye zazo ziye zazuza indawo eyengeziwe nokufaneleka. Ngezansi sibala ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Bitcoin

Kwakuyi-cryptocurrency yokuqala eyethulwe emakethe futhi isabhekwa njengentandokazi yemakethe, esele ekuthuthukisweni okugcwele.

Ethereum

I-Ethereum ibonwa njengophethiloli wezinkontileka ezihlakaniphile kanye nemali engase iqhudelane neBitcoin eminyakeni ezayo.

Ripple

Eyaziwa ngokunikeza imisebenzi evikelekile, esheshayo nenezindleko eziphansi, i-Ripple isivele idlule inani le-Ethereum.

I-Bitcoin Cash

I-Bitcoin Cash ikhule ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-Bitcoin blockchain. Ngakho-ke, insiza entsha ibe enye yemali yendabuko emakethe.

IOTA

Inguquko futhi esekelwe ku-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), i-IOTA wuhlobo lwemali olungenabo abavukuzi noma izinkokhelo zemisebenzi yenethiwekhi.

Lihamba kanjani inani le-cryptocurrencies?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-cryptocurrencies kube okubaluleke kakhulu futhi lokhu kungenxa yokunethezeka nokuvikeleka kwendlela entsha yokuthengiselana ngezezimali.

Ukuze uqonde kangcono izinzuzo zalesi simo esisha, kubalulekile ukusiqinisa:

• Imakethe ye-cryptocurrency ayimile njengoba isebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku;
• Imali yemakethe iphezulu njengoba abathengi nabathengisi besabalele emhlabeni wonke;
• Imali ayishintshi ngenxa yanoma yiziphi izinkinga zezombusazwe noma zezomnotho ezweni;
• I-cryptocurrency ngayinye ihlukile futhi inekhodi ethile enerekhodi lokunyakaza kwayo, ngakho-ke iphephile;
• Ukulawulwa kohlobo lwemali kuncike ngokukhethekile kumsebenzisi futhi akuphazanyiswa yizinkampani noma uMbuso;
• Ukuthengiselana kuzimele kumabhange nabaxhumanisi, okusho ukuthi lezi zikhungo zezezimali azikhokhisi amakhomishini ngokusebenza.

Ingabe kufanelekile ukusebenzisa nokutshala imali kuma-cryptocurrencies?

Ukuze wazi ukuthi kufanelekile yini ukutshala imali kuma-cryptocurrensets, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuthi ubungozi obubandakanya le mpahla kuyinto ozimisele ukuyithwala.

Esimeni sokusebenzisa imali ebonakalayo ekuhwebeni, kufanele kucatshangelwe uma kunenombolo enkulu yamabhizinisi oyikhasimende lawo amukela lolu hlobo lwenkokhelo.

Ama-Cryptocurrencies anobuhle nokubi okuningana okungasebenza njengenkomba lapho wenza isicelo noma uwasebenzisa ekuthengeni. Ngezansi sihlanganise eziyinhloko.

Izinzuzo zama-cryptocurrencies

Izinzuzo ezinkulu ze-cryptocurrencies yilezi:

• Ubiquity - i-cryptocurrencies ayiboshelwe ezweni noma isikhungo sezezimali, yamukelwa emhlabeni wonke;
• Ukuphepha okuphezulu - i-cryptocurrencies, njenge-Bitcoin, ihlukaniswe, njengoba ingenayo inhlangano elawulayo. Ama-ejenti anesibopho senethiwekhi asabalale emhlabeni wonke, okunciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abethelwe ukuze avimbele ukuthengiselana noma abasebenzisi ekuhluphekeni nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuphazamiseka;
• Umnotho: uma sicabanga ngokutshalwa kwezimali, amakhomishana ahlukene ahlanganisayo kanye nesidingo sokuba iklayenti lebhange ngokushesha kufika engqondweni. Ngama-cryptocurrencies, izimali ezikhokhwayo ekugcineni ziphansi kunalezo ezikhokhiswa izikhungo zezezimali zendabuko. Ngakho, izindleko zokutshala izimali ziphansi;
• Inzuzo enkulu: I-Cryptocurrencies inethuba eliphezulu lenzuzo ngokushintshashintsha kwentengo yazo. Okusho ukuthi, kungaba inzuzo uma ukutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokuhlengwa kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezifanele;
• Ukungafihli - ulwazi lwenethiwekhi ye-cryptocurrency isesidlangalaleni, okuvumela umnyakazo ngamunye noma ukuthengiselana ukuthi kulandelwe.

Ukungalungi kwe-cryptocurrencies

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, banamaphuzu athile angalungile, anjengokuthi:

• I-Volatility - Izinzuzo ezinkulu ezivela ekutshalweni kwe-cryptocurrency zingashabalala ngokushesha ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwentengo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngaphambi kokutshala izimali, kungcono ukufunda imakethe futhi ulalele iseluleko sochwepheshe ekuhlaziyeni impahla;
• Ukwehliswa kwemithetho - ukuhlukaniswa kwesistimu kushiya abanikazi bemali ohlotsheni lwe-limbo, uma kwenzeka belahlekelwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo ngenxa yabaduni, isibonelo. Akufani nalapho kungenelela amabhange, isisulu sokugetshengwa kungenzeka sigcine silambatha, njengoba engekho ocela isinxephezelo;
• Ubunzima: ukuthenga i-cryptocurrencies kudinga imiqondo yokufunda nokusebenzisa amapulatifomu amasha, into okungeyena wonke umuntu ojwayele ukuyenza;
• Isikhathi sokuthengiselana - Kulabo abajwayele amakhadi esikweletu, ukubambezeleka kokuphothula umsebenzi lapho usebenzisa ama-cryptocurrencies kungase kukhungathekise.

Liyini ikusasa le-cryptocurrencies?

Nakuba ukubukeka kwe-cryptocurrencies kusanda kwenzeka, kungenzeka ukucabangela ngekusasa lezimali ezibonakalayo, ikakhulukazi i-Bitcoin.

Kusenokungabaza mayelana nezimali ezibonakalayo, kanye nokungabaza mayelana nabadlali abakhulu kanye nenqubo yokufakwa kuhlu.

Kodwa umkhuba owokuthi kubhekwe kakhulu lezi zici ukuze abatshalizimali bangangeni esiphithiphithini njalo.

Yilezi zici nokungaqiniseki, ngisho, okwenza imakethe ye-cryptocurrency iguqe futhi ibe yingozi.

Kodwa-ke, okubonwayo ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwezimali ezifihlekile, njengoba izindawo eziningi zamukela ama-cryptocurrencies njengendlela yokukhokha.

Ukwanda kwesidingo sama-cryptocurrensets kufanele futhi kuqhubeke ukwanda uma begcina izici zabo ezihlukile.

Elinye iphuzu elingavumela ukuvela kwemboni kungaba ukwenza izimayini zibe sobala futhi zifinyeleleke emphakathini.

Ekugcineni, kusazobonakala ukuthi iziphathimandla zezezimali emhlabeni wonke zizobhekana kanjani nalolu daba. Kungase kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulawula ama-cryptocurrencies njengazo zonke ezinye.

Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, iziphathimandla zahlangana eDavos ukuze zidingide ngokunembile ikusasa le-cryptocurrencies.

Isihloko esikhulu okwaxoxwa ngaso ukuthi iziphathimandla zezimali, ngokulandela isibonelo samabhange amaphakathi, zingalawula kanjani ama-cryptocurrencies, okuhlanganisa nokukhishwa kwezimali ezibonakalayo.

Ithuba lokudala i-cryptocurrency yomphakathi selivele licatshangelwe ngamanye amabhange amaphakathi.

Inhlolovo eyenziwe yi-Bank for International Settlements yeziphathimandla zezezimali ezingama-66 ibonisa ukuthi cishe u-20% wamabhizinisi azokhipha imali yawo yedijithali eminyakeni eyisithupha ezayo.

Phakathi kwalabo asebevele bavuma obala lokhu kungenzeka yibhange eliphakathi lase-US, i-Fed. NgoNovemba 2019, umongameli wenhlangano, uJerome Powell, wavuma ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kudalwe i-cryptocurrency.

Ungatshala kanjani imali kuma-cryptocurrencies?

Manje njengoba usuwazi okwengeziwe ngezinhlobo zemali ezibonakalayo, thola ukuthi ungatshala kanjani ku-cryptocurrencies ukuze uhlukanise iphothifoliyo yakho yezezimali.

Singochwepheshe ekuthuthukiseni amaphothifoliyo ahlukahlukene, futhi imali eyimfihlo isiza ekugcineni ukuhlobana okuphansi phakathi kwezimpahla, kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa okungaba khona ezimeni ezingezinhle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cryptocurrensets inamandla amakhulu okubuyekezwa esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho, i-TecnoBreak igodle iphesenti lempahla ukuze yabiwe kumaphothifoliyo, ngokusekelwe kuphrofayela yekhasimende, okuqinisa ukuzibophezela kwethu ezinhlosweni zakho.

Ngobungozi obulawulwayo kanye nokwenziwa okuzenzakalelayo ukuze uhlaziye futhi ukhethe izimpahla ezingcono kakhulu zephrofayela yakho, i-TecnoBreak ivumela abatshalizimali ukuthi bajabulele imbuyiselo yezezimali ngaphandle kokubeka impahla yabo engcupheni. Uma ungathanda ukungeza lezi zinhlobo zezimpahla esu lakho lokutshala imali, qala lapha.