Umlando wama-drones

Singacabanga umhlaba ngaphambi kwe-inthanethi, ukuzulazula okuhle, indlela amashadi namamephu athunyelwa ngayo. Siyazi ukuthi kuthe kusanda kuqala ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, amabanga aba mfushane futhi kwaqala uguquko.

Njengoba nje ukuthandwa kwama-drones kuzoguqula umhlaba njengoba siwazi. Ekuqaleni bobabili babenemisebenzi yezempi, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bathengeka futhi bathola abalandeli abaningi.

Akukhona nje ukuthi ziye zaduma futhi ziyingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke kubantu emhlabeni wonke, kodwa ziye zabangela uguquko. Ama-UAV (izimoto zasemoyeni ezinganamuntu) noma ama-UAV (izimoto zasemoyeni ezinganamuntu) zisetshenziselwe ukuhlola kabusha, okuvumela ukubona kwasemoyeni. Sebevele basebenza njengendlela yokusekela, nendlela, yokuhlasela nobunhloli; ngisho nokuthumela imiyalezo.

Bavela cishe ngawo-60, kodwa kwaba phakathi neminyaka yawo-80 lapho baqala khona ukunaka ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwezempi.

Inzuzo enkulu yokusetshenziswa kwayo phakathi neminyaka yawo-80 kwaba ukuthi kungenzeka ukwenza izenzo, ngokuvamile eziyingozi, ngaphandle kokufaka ukuphila engozini.

Ngoba noma ubani owayeyilawula wayezoba kude ne-drone, futhi okubi kakhulu okungenzeka kwakuwukudutshulwa kwento emoyeni.

Lokho abantu abambalwa abakwaziyo ngomlando wama-drones ukuthi uphefumulelwe iBOMB.

Ibhomu elidumayo elaziwa kakhulu, eliqanjwe ngomsindo elaliwenza lapho indiza, lasungulwa iJalimane phakathi neMpi Yezwe II.

Naphezu kokulula kwayo, okwakwenza kwaba lula ukuhlotshaniswa nomlilo nokunqamula, njengoba indizela umugqa oqondile kuphela futhi ngesivinini esingaguquki, yazuza impumelelo enkulu.

Yize singekho isibalo esiqondile esibalweni sabantu abalinyazwe nababulawa amabhomu, kodwa kungaphethwa ngokuthi yisibalo esibalulekile, njengoba angaphezulu kuka-1.000 1 amabhomu e-V-XNUMX awiswe.

I-V-1, eyaziwa ngokuthi ibhomu, kwakungeyona yodwa ibhomu elinjalo eladalwa. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, kwasungulwa i-V-2.

Kodwa uguquko olukhulu lweza lapho ibhomu lalezi zici liqala ukuvela: i-V-1, eyaphefumulela umlando wama-drones nakho konke ukuziphendukela kwawo kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.

Ukubonakala kwe-drone

Umlando wama-drones waqala ngokugqugquzela amabhomu endizayo aseJalimane ohlobo lwe-V-1, aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amabhomu e-buzz. Yathola leli gama ngenxa yomsindo eyayiwenza ngesikhathi indiza, idalwa yiJalimane phakathi neMpi Yezwe II.

Naphezu kokuthi yayilinganiselwe futhi ibhekwa njengento elula, yazuza impumelelo enkulu ngesivinini sayo esingaguquki futhi indizela umugqa oqondile kuphela, yafinyelela inani lamabhomu e-V-1.000 angaphezu kwe-1 awisiwe. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, kuseseMpini Yezwe II, kwasungulwa umlandeli wayo, ibhomu le-V-2.

Ubani owasungula i-drone?

Imodeli ephawule umlando wama-drones, lesi esiwazi namuhla, yathuthukiswa unjiniyela wasemkhathini wakwa-Israel u-Abraham (Abe) Karem. Ngokusho kwakhe, ngo-1977, lapho efika e-United States, kwathatha abantu abangu-30 ukulawula i-drone. Ebhekene nalesi simo, wasungula inkampani ye-Leading System futhi, ngezinsiza ezimbalwa zobuchwepheshe, njenge-fiberglass eyenziwe ekhaya nezinsalela zokhuni, wazala i-Albatross.

Ngokuthuthuka okuzuzwe ngemodeli entsha -amahora angama-56 emoyeni ngaphandle kokushajwa kabusha amabhethri futhi kunabantu abathathu abawuphathayo-, unjiniyela uthole uxhaso ku-DARPA ukuze kuthuthukiswe okudingekile ku-prototype futhi, ngalokhu, imodeli entsha ebizwa ngokuthi i-Amber wazalwa.

Lezi zindiza zaklanywa futhi zenzelwe imisebenzi yezempi enikeza ukuphila kwabantu engcupheni, njengokuhlenga umlilo nokuphepha okungezona ezezempi. Lokhu kunenjongo yokuvumela ukugadwa noma ukuhlasela kunoma yisiphi isifunda.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, enye i-UAV ebhalisiwe yi-Gralha Azul, ekhiqizwa ngu-Embravant. Inamaphiko angaphezu kwamamitha angu-4 futhi ingandiza amahora angafinyelela kwangu-3.

I-drone njengoba siyazi namuhla yasungulwa ngu-Israel Abe Karem, unjiniyela wasemkhathini obhekelele indiza eyisatshwayo nephumelelayo yaseMelika.

NgokukaKarem, ngesikhathi efika e-United States ngo-1977, kwathatha abantu abangu-30 ukulawula indiza engenazindiza. Le modeli, i-Akwila, yandiza isilinganiso semizuzu embalwa naphezu kokuba nebanga lamahora angu-20 lokundiza.

Ebona lesi simo, uKarem wasungula inkampani, I-Leading System, futhi ngobuchwepheshe obuncane: izinsalela zezinkuni, i-fiberglass eyenziwe ekhaya kanye nomuntu ofile njengalezo ezazisetshenziswa emjahweni we-kart ngaleso sikhathi, wadala i-Albatross.

I-Albatross ikwazile ukuhlala emoyeni amahora angu-56 ngaphandle kokushajwa kabusha amabhethri ayo, futhi yayisetshenziswa abantu abangu-3 kuphela - uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangu-30 ku-Aquilla. Ukulandela lo mboniso omuhle, uKarem wathola uxhaso ku-DARPA ukuze kuthuthukiswe lesi sibonelo, futhi kwazalwa i-Amber.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-drones

Njenge-inthanethi, umlando wama-drones ubulokhu usondela ekufinyelelekeni futhi ulethe izinzuzo eziningi emakethe yama-drone nakubathengi bayo. Namuhla, ama-drones anokwehlukahlukana okukhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhlanganisa ukulandelela nokugada, ukuthwebula izithombe nokuqopha, ukusetshenziswa kwezempi, nokuhlenga, phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi ezisetshenziswayo.

Njengoba bekulindelekile, njengoba umlando wama-drones uthuthukile, asesabalele futhi manje asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.

Amamodeli okuqala asetshenziselwa ukwenza izithombe namavidiyo kuphela, kodwa aya ngokuya eqinile, azimele futhi aqine.

I-Amazon isivele ikutholile ukugunyazwa e-United States ukwenza ukulethwa kwe-drone.

I-Facebook isimemezele iphrojekthi yayo yokuletha i-inthanethi ezindlini ngama-drones.

Futhi njalo lapho kuvela ukusetshenziswa okusha kwazo, okuvame kakhulu, okwamanje, yilezi:

Engozini yase-Fukushima e-Japan, i-T-Hawk (imodeli ye-drone) yasetshenziswa ukuthola izithombe zama-reactors alimele. Ukuthola izithombe nokuqoshwa ngaphandle kwengozi, ngenxa yemisebe, kunoma ubani. Futhi ngokuvamile, ama-drones asetshenziswe ezithombeni zomshado, ukumbozwa kwemicimbi yezemidlalo nasezimeni ezifana nemibhikisho yase-Sao Paulo.Abanye abantu baze bafake esikhundleni se-selfie stick ukuze bathathe izithombe ngama-drones.

Ukulawula nokugada: Iziphathimandla emazweni amaningana emhlabeni wonke sezivele zisebenzisa ama-drones ukulawula nokugcina ukuphepha emadolobheni amakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka imicimbi emikhulu yezemidlalo.

Iwashi lesishingishane: Ososayensi eFlorida benze indiza encane engena-drone engase yethulwe lapho kuneziphepho.

Izithombe ezingaphansi kwamanzi: Imodeli ye-drone enelukuluku i-OpenRov, evumela izithombe zesikhathi sangempela zasolwandle ukuthi zidalwe. Ukwazi ukufinyelela amaphuzu umuntu wayengakafinyeleli kuwo, ebhala izinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane futhi embule izimfihlakalo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezempi: Akuvamile ukubona ezindabeni, noma kumabhayisikobho, ukuba khona kwama-drones abonisa isenzo sawo, ukwenza izithombe zenkundla yempi, ukubona ukunyakaza kwezitha, noma ngisho nokubamba iqhaza ekuqhumeni kwamabhomu.

Ukusiza abantu abadinga usizo: Ngokukwazi ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezinobutha, ama-drones nawo asetshenziswe emisebenzini ehlukahlukene yezimo eziphuthumayo. Njengokulethwa kokudla ngisho nemithi, ezindaweni ezingazodwa nezinzima ukufinyelela kuzo. ukukwazi ukusindisa abantu abambalwa.

Ukuhlenga: Kulo nyaka (2015) ukubonakala kukaGimball, i-drone ewinayo yomncintiswano we-Drones for Good ("Drones for good", ngokuhumusha okuqondile), kubikwe. Konke kuhlanganiswe "ngekheji", elivumela ukuthi ukugwema izithiyo ngesikhathi sendizaIkhuthazwe izinambuzane, inenzwa yokushisa, i-GPS, amakhamera nokumelana okuphezulu, okukuvumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ekusindiseni.

Ngokuduma kwayo, njenge-inthanethi, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuba njalo futhi kwenza umehluko ophelele ezimpilweni zabantu.

Yini i-drone?

Kuyimoto yasemoyeni engaphethwe muntu (UAV) enokulawula indiza futhi engathola ama-oda kusetshenziswa ifrikhwensi yomsakazo, i-infrared ngisho nemishini echazwe ngaphambilini izixhumanisi ze-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). Ukubukeka kwayo kusikhumbuza izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, ezinamamodeli athile angamajethi, ama-quadcopter (ophephela abane) namamodeli anophephela abayisishiyagalombili noma asebenzisa uphethiloli ekundizeni kwawo.

I-Drone ngesiNgisi isho ukuthi "drone" futhi, ngenxa yomsindo wayo obabazayo lapho indiza, igcine seyemukelwa ngokudumile ukuqamba indiza.

Abantu bavame ukuzwa leli gama okokuqala futhi bazibuze: iyini i-drone?

I-drone iyinqola yasemoyeni, kodwa ngokungafani nezindiza nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, azinamuntu. Zilawulwa ukude futhi ngokuvamile zifakwe amakhamera ekhwalithi ephezulu.

Zasetshenziswa isikhathi njengethoyizi, inguquko yendiza eyimodeli. Namuhla kunemakethe enkulu futhi ekhulayo yobungcweti yabashayeli bezindiza.

Njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi kuze kube ngu-2010 kwakungekho ukusesha injini yokusesha mayelana ne-drones, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ukukhula kwayo kuye kwaba okuphawulekayo.

Lokhu kusinika umbono wokuthi ukuthandwa kwama-drones, nakuba kubonise ukukhula okunamandla, kusenendawo enkulu.

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezobuchwepheshe kuvumela namuhla noma ubani ofuna ukuba umshayeli wendiza ukuthi alawule i-drone yakhe ngokuqondile kumakhalekhukhwini noma kuthebhulethi yakhe.

Amanye amamodeli angalawulwa nge-accelerometer ye-smartphone. Okwenza ukuzizwisa kugxile kakhulu.

Kwenzeka manje, ngawo lo mzuzu. Futhi ama-drones amaningi azothola isikhala futhi aguqule izimpilo zethu. Njengoba abacwaningi abaningi begcina: umlando awumi ndawonye. Yakhiwa nsuku zonke, futhi ngama-drones ayihlukile.